Essential facts about diabetes and foot problems

The Problem:

• Foot Infections, Foot Ulcers and Amputations are common in patients with Diabetes compared with those without Diabetes.
• Vast majority of such Foot problems in Diabetics are easily preventable with appropriate precautions.
• Awareness amongst the general public , specifically in those with Diabetes is essential to decrease foot amputations and relevant complications that are preventable.

The Basics:

• Foot Ulcers can be due to decreased sensation or poor blood supply.
• Simple measures like regular inspection of feet, avoiding dry/ broken skin can prevent majority of Foot problems in Diabetics.
• It is important to wear shoes / foot ware that fit well and don't squeeze or rub.
• Ill-fitting shoes can cause corns and calluses, ulcers and nail problems.
• Never walk bare footed !
• Be aware of any loss of sensation or tingling sensation in feet and seek appropriate help.
• Ask your doctor to assess the feeling in your toes by doing the Touch –the-Toes test, once an year.
• Get corns or hard skin treated by a podiatrist.
• Avoid using corn-removing plasters or blades.
• It is advisable to avoid sitting with legs crossed so as to not constrict blood circulation.
• Cut or file toe nails regularly.
• Keep feet clean and free from infection.
• Good Blood Glucose control, control of Blood Pressure and Cholesterol helps prevent Foot problems.

The writer is MRCP ( UK), CCT- GIM, Diabetes & Endocrinology (UK ) Consultanat Endocrinologist, Apollo Hospital , Jubilee Hills.

By Dr Ravi Sankar Erukulapati